The continuous escalation of resistant bacteria against a wide range of antibiotics necessitates discovering novel unconventional sources of antibiotics. However, it has not been researched adequately for its antimicrobial activity on potential resistant pathogens. The methanol crude extract of B. The screening method was conducted using disc diffusion assay against 22 pathogenic bacteria and fungi. It was followed by evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration MIC. Moreover, the antibacterial and the antifungal activities were confirmed using the minimum bactericidal concentration MBC and the minimum fungicidal concentration MFC, respectively. Remarkable, antibacterial activity was evident particularly against highly infectious microorganisms such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli OH7, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium as well as against human fungal pathogens, Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus terreus.
A Zone of Inhibition Test, also called a Kirby-Bauer Test, is a qualitative method used clinically to measure antibiotic resistance and industrially to test the ability of solids and textiles to inhibit microbial growth. Researchers who develop antimicrobial textiles, surfaces, and liquids use this test as a quick and easy way to measure and compare levels of inhibitory activity. With this method, approximately one million cells from a single strain are spread over an agar plate using a sterile swab, then incubated in the presence of the antimicrobial object ex: an oxacillin disk, pictured below. If the bacterial or fungal strain is susceptible to the antimicrobial agent, then a zone of inhibition appears on the agar plate, such as on the agar plate on the left-hand side of the photo below. If it is resistant to the antimicrobial agent, then no zone is evident, such as on the agar plate on the right-hand side of the photo below. Photograph: Left Plate is of S.
Metrics details. Standardisation of disk diffusion readings could improve reproducibility and accuracy of antibiotic susceptibility testing AST. In a first step we compared Sirscan results with manual calliper measurements for comparability and accuracy. Sirscan readings were checked and adjusted on-screen as recommended by the manufacturer. One hundred clinical bacterial isolates representing a broad spectrum of organisms routinely isolated in a clinical laboratory were tested, and zone diameter values and interpretation according to EUCAST guidelines were compared. In a second step we analysed, whether fully automated zone reading can decrease standard deviation of diameter measurements and, thus, improve reproducibility and precision of the disk diffusion method.